A family ritual to strengthen family bonds Essay Example for Free

A family ritual to strengthen family bonds Essay As I was answering the Family rituals questionnaire, I felt good as i was somewhat compelled to reminisce the activities which I shared with my family when I was a child. It feels good to see that our family got a high score in the questionnaire. In only proves that we have been quite close as a family. I was only mesmerized as I recalled those moments when we simultaneously scan our old pictures and laugh at the way all of us looked in the past. I also enjoyed recalling the fond memories of our excursions when I was still a child. Personally, I do not want to change that kind of relationship which I had with my family in the past. I would like us to maintain this close relationship we have right now. For me, this is how families are supposed to be. Families are supposed to spend most of the time together so they can be updated with the events happening to one another. In this sense, they will always be available to succor when one among the family members is having some dilemma. In addition to that, the intimacy between them will not be lost; and instead, will only be kindled. That feeling of intimacy will make them more comfortable and more expressive with one another. The ritual that I would like to apply to my family is a unique Islamic tradition called Eid al-Fitr. Eid al-Fitr is being done some time after Ramadan. It is basically a tradition celebrating the success of the recently done Ramadan which is a whole month of blessings and joy. Moreover, Eid al-Fitr is also the extension of these blessings and joy to those who happen to be less fortunate. Every Muslim family must offer some donation of any kind to those who are in need. They do this so the needy can participate in the celebration as well. This is done before the end of the Eid so all the people can be prepared for the jubilation. When the day of the Eid comes, all of the participants will gather outdoors – in mosques – to perform a prayer that is especially for the Eid. Afterwards, the participants will begin to disperse and mingle with one another. They will meet up with their families, friends and other acquaintances to give presents and express their cordial greetings. If they have relatives who are not present and cannot go to the event, they can call them on the hoping and likewise extend their wishes. This event usually lasts for three days to allow the Muslims make the most out of the celebration. The meaning of this ritual is that it can manifest the unity and comradeship among its participants. By extending their warm wishes to other people and giving donations to those who are in need, the participants learn to take care aside from their selves and value other people as well. The act of giving donations can be symbolically interpreted as an act of offering something that sincerely comes from the self. The act is like transcending the self and its own interests in order to extend one’s hands to other people. By applying this ritual with my family, I aim that my family will have a sense of responsibility and learn how to work as a group. Moreover, I can also reinforce family planning. My family will learn that they also have responsibility over other people –their fellowmen – and that all of us must unite for a singular cause. By promoting the behavior of giving donations to the poor and mingling with the family members, the unity of a singular cause is reinforced. As we harbor in mind the need to achieve a singular purpose, we will learn how to work as a group. In the latter process, we will develop a more cohesive bond among ourselves. The part of mingling with other people can only encourage us to commune more deeply with one another and be aware of one another’s experiences. As the ritual will be repetitious, all of its objectives will be recurrently addressed. In addition to that, by mingling with the family members in the course of the ritual, we will realize the importance of family planning. In our family, there are more than ten of us who are siblings and it will surely be harder for us to greet one another while doing the ritual. Lastly, I think that the ritual need not to change as the members of the family grow older. We must only adapt with one another and our family embers – and our oscillating temperaments, tastes and yearnings. The touchstone of the ritual is that we feel the warm company of our family members as we do and enjoy doing things together. In that sense, my two goals can be achieved. We learn that we are responsible for the welfare of our family members and we learn to work collectively in making all of us grow individually as persons and the family as a whole.

Financial Motivation And Non Financial Motivation Business Essay

Financial Motivation And Non Financial Motivation Business Essay It is commonly believed that the majority of people aim to earn money to meet their satisfaction. In point of the view, it exactly meets Taylors theory which approach to a fair days pay for fair days work advocates utilizing financial motivation to inspire employees passion (Tutor2U, n d). According to Hall et al (2008), financial motivation can be defined as the way of using money chiefly to encourage employees. Nevertheless, half factor that motivate employees be willing to work with passion have been mentioned in Maslow hierarchy theory are nonfinancial motivational methods. However, after taking financial and non-financial methods of motivation into account in the work place, it is judged that non-financial motivation is the most valuable for companies to encourage their employees. Although it is stated that financial motivation methods have benefits to both supervisors and employees, the negative impacts of that are caused simultaneously. According to Hall et al (2008), the core of Taylor theory is money, which is relevant to the financial methods of motivation, including fringe benefits (benefits which received above wages and salary) and piece rates (employees are paid by how many items they produce in a period of time). An agricultural employee management consultant, Gregory Billikopf, examined thoroughly the productivity of two groups of farm employees, one group was paid hourly, and the other one is paid by piece rate. The result of the research is that the efficiency of the latter group was four to eight times higher than the former one (Ucanr, 2009). It is obviously proved that piece rate not only enhances to the employees passion on work, but also enhances the productivity of the company. However, piece rate as one of the financial motivation methods h as caused some disadvantages. The more products employees produce, the more money they can earn. Therefore, they probably will not focus on the quality, but on quantity (Tutor2U, n d). In this circumstance, the company is plunged into scrapes in which supervisors not only pays the employees, but also produces inferior goods. Additionally, once a company uses fringe benefits to encourage employees to reach higher targets, the cost of the company will increase dramatically by extensively offering the extra benefits to employees (Tutor2U, n d.). In brief, because money is the solely essence of financial motivation, employees probably will not take appropriate responsibility to the company. After the above analysis of the benefits and risks of financial motivational methods, it is worth exploring non-financial motivational methods from two aspects; namely, esteem needs and safety needs which had been advanced in Maslows hierarchy theory (Tutor2U, n d). To begin with, esteem needs are essential to motivate employees when they achieve objectives in their duty. Employees will receive respect from their colleagues and superiors. In 2001, a Gallup poll indicated that almost nineteen percent of employees were dissatisfied with their jobs, since they were seldom respected or recognized by their supervisors when working (Swlearning, 2003). Obviously, the more recognition employees receive, the stronger sense of confidence the employees will have. Once their confidence is enhanced appropriately, it will probably bring unique enjoyment which money cannot balance. Most importantly, this sense of confidence contributes making them to feel their talents are recognized and trusted. Therefore, the more passion will be involved by the employees into work (Hall, 2008). Hence, esteem needs play a key role in motivating employees to achieve higher targets. Safety needs which have been mentioned in Maslows hierarchy of needs (Hall et al, 2008), including job safety, are one of the most widely recognized non-financial motivational methods. An attractive working place should be well quipped with fire alarms, smoke sensors, safety doors and extinguisher. Job safety is regarded as a factor of whether the staff will continue working there. It can prevent workers from confronting dangerous situations. In 2010, one of the worlds largest pharmaceutical firms employed a gas analyzer to test the air quality after the employees complained that there was a serious odour in the office. The result of the test was that there were nearly 25 compounds in the air (Envirotech, 2010). In this instance, employees are more willing to work if there is a healthy environment in which employees can avoid being injured. Employees can work more efficiently if they are equipped with safety measures. In a broad sense, job security should also include safety insuranc e for workers. With safety insurance, workers can minimize potential loss once the disaster occurs. All in all, an attractive working place should be acknowledged to be safe which employees will have a sense of safety. In summary, financial motivation (fringe benefits and piece rates) advantages of both employees and companies in some aspects; however, the drawbacks of financial motivation far outweigh its benefits. For instance, albeit employees can benefit from piece rate, otherwise, the low quality product will probably plunge the company into scrapes. In this point of view, non-financial motivation methods which were advanced in Maslows hierarchy theory are more efficient and have played a significant role in encouraging employees to work with enormous passion, for example, esteem needs (respect and reorganization), and safety needs (job security). These non-financial motivations provide a significant environment for employee to work with passion and willing to take responsibility in to the work. It is suggested that non-financial motivational methods will probably be a leading factor for employees to work with passion. Reference: Envirotech(2010) Portable FTIR Verifies Safe Working Environment Available at: http://www.envirotech-online.com/news/air-monitoring/6/quantitech/portable_ftir_verifies_safe_working_environment/8577/ [Accessed 13-3-2010] Hall. D, R Jones, C. Raffo, A. Anderson. (2008) Business Studies, 4th edition. Haddington [Accessed 13-3-2010] Swlearning(2003) Management, Fighting the System Available at ¼Ã… ¡ http://www.swlearning.com/management/management_news/motivation_0902_001.html [Accessed 13-3-2010] Tutor2u Subject: People, Topic: Motivating employee-financial rewards Available at ¼Ã… ¡ http://tutor2u.net/business/gcse/people_motivation_financial_rewards.htm [Accessed 13-3-2010] Tutor2u (n d) Motivation in Theory- Maslows Hierarchy of Needs Available at: http://tutor2u.net/business/people/motivation_theory_maslow.asp [Accessed 13-3-2010] Tutor2U (n d) Subject: People-motivation theory Available at: http://tutor2u.net/business/gcse/people_motivation_theories.htm [Accessed 13-3-2010] Ucanr(2009) Agricultural Labor Management Effective Piece-Rate Pay Management Available at ¼Ã… ¡ http://ucanr.org/delivers/impactview.cfm?impactnum=238 [Accessed 13-3-2010]

Assessing The Rights Of Children

Assessing The Rights Of Children In general, all around the world Children do not have the right to make major decisions in their life. Most of the decisions that affect the children are made by their parents or guardians such as teachers, social workers etcSo because of this lack of decision making, children are sometimes abused and exploited for the benefit of their guardians. And as a result, the child is both mentally and psychologically harmed. For this reason governmental and nongovernmental organizations and their expertise are trying to overcome this crucial society problem by making laws that protect the children from being harmed by their guardians and the society they are living in. Furthermore, these organizations make sure that childrens get the basic necessities like, education, food, shelter etc†¦ In a sufficient and proper way. There are some international and local children rights that are drafted by international governmental and nongovernmental organization who work toward the benefits and safeties of the children. So we would be discussing who should be considered as a child and what laws exist to protect these children. Then, well briefly describe what Islam says about the rights of children and role of parenting. And finally, we are going to introduce some of the major local and international organizations working on this area and our groups practical part which we created awareness we about the children rights and the role of parenting through surveys and meeting with students . What are children rights? As any human being childrens have rights. And these rights are nothing but human rights with some special protection and care given to the young ones (children). These rights are the right to associate with both biological parents, human identity as well as the basic needs such as shelter, water, food, education, criminal laws appropriate to their age and health care .Children rights are very large and respective to each society. However, most society agrees that we should allow children to be free from being mentally, emotionally and physically abused. Who is a Child? A child is a young person especially between infancy and youth (Merriam Webster , 2010). However, this is a very general and vague definition .The question may arise, how old should the person be to reach youth or in other word what is the range of infancy and who is youth. For these questions there is no specific answer because each and every country has their own ways of considering someone as an adult or not. I think it would be easy to define adult than a child. And this would help us understand the child which is just the opposite of being adult. Adult is the age that someone can legally vote, marry or sometimes can buy alcohols, be charged with crime as the adult age. However, this can vary from country to country. For instance child labor in Syria, Bangladesh or Paraguay is minimum 12 whereas most other countries set 14 to 16 years old. And In USA the figure is completely different. A person to legally work should be minimum 18 years old and 15-17 can only work if they have permission from their guardians only. Marriage is one of the major things that separate adults from children. A married person is usually considered as an adult. Because he/she is going to become a guardian of their children and they should be able to take care of their families. In many countries the age of marriage varies. For instance, in many African countries, such as Mali, Niger and Mozambique, over 50% of girls are married before they turn 18. In Yemen, 64% of girls are married before 18, and in Bangladesh, 81% of girls marry before 18. (Nour, 2006) Another interesting issue that most people consider themselves as an adult is the age to vote and decide who should lead or being able to run for election. In most countries around the world the legal age to vote is 18 however in some countries like Australia and Germany the legal age to vote can be only 16.This shows that a 16 years old in Germany is considered as an adult while in Italy the minimum age to vote to elect a senator is 25 and in Liechtenstein, a person to vote should be 30 years old or above. Also, in different religions scripture there are differences on who is a child or who should be considered as an adult. In Jews, a 13 years old kid is considered as an adult and is able to attended ceremonies and parties. On the other hand in most of the time Islam considers someone who is above 15 as an adult. In short, there is no specific exact age of considering someone a child. However, in each country they have some part of the society that are considered as a child .So with respect to each country there are some right given to the child prior to the age of adolescence. Historical background of the rights of childrens law So far there is no specific point where we can say the history of children rights started, however for the past 50 years and so the rights of the children are becoming clearer and separated from the other general human rights. Universal Declaration of Human rights is considered as the basis for all the international legal children rights. The 1923 declaration of rights of children drafted by Englantyne Jeeb and Dorothy Buxton in London, England in 1919 is appreciated by league of Nation and adopted by the united nation in 1946, and then considered as the Convention on the rights of the Child. The first legally binding international body that incorporates with civil, cultural, political, social and economical rights is the Convention on the rights of the Child monitored by the Committee on the rights of the child. It is human right treaty with 190 ratifications. Only the two countries which didnt sign for this treaty are the United States and Somalia. Somali didnt sign because of the internal problems its currently facing and United Sates didnt sign because of some contradicting rules like childrens rights to inheritance in same-sex marriages and particular rights for youth. The CRC have four major principles. This principles are the principle of non discrimination, the best interests of the child, the right to life, survival and development, Considering the views of the child in decisions which affect them (according to their age and maturity). Childrens rights law is defined as the point where the law intersects with a childs life. That includes juvenile delinquency, due process for children involved in the criminal justice system, appropriate representation, and effective rehabilitative services; care and protection for children in state care; ensuring education for all children regardless of their origin, race, gender, disabilities, or abilities, and; health care and advocacy. (Ahearn, 2007) Children rights can be categorized in to three major categories as Provision, Protection and Participation. Or depending on the child right information network (CNN) we can categorize children rights in to two major categories as Economic, social and cultural rights and the second as Environmental, cultural and developmental rights (Freeman, 2000) Provision is the right to live a standard living, get a proper health care, education and be able to enjoy a child life. This includes being able to have a playing place and recreation places. This helps the child to grow healthy, confident and happy in his life. They will learn how to treat people well, how to care for people and help their society in the future. Protection: Children have the right to be protected from abuse, exploitation, discrimination and neglect. This includes offering the child a safe place to sleep, live and play. The last category is Participation. A child should be offered a place in the society. They should be able to participate in community programs, youth voice activities and decision makings.

Analysis of JNY and LIZ Financial Data Essay -- GCSE Business Marketin

Analysis of JNY and LIZ Financial Data The following paper will compare the five-year performance of two apparel manufacturers utilizing the DuPont Framework and Return on Equity. Then a three- year analysis of common-size income statements will be undertaken to explain changes in income and expenses within each company. Jones Apparel Group (JNY) and Liz Claiborne (LIZ) are the industry leaders in the manufacturing of better clothing, footwear, fragrances, and costume jewelry, and the subject of this analysis. Jones Apparel Group’s recognized brands include: Jones New York, Polo Jeans Company, Nine West, Napier, and costume jewelry licensed under the Tommy Hilfiger brand. Jones aims to gain stability in the apparel industry as well as retail markets through building â€Å"complete lifestyle brands serving a wide breadth of consumers in a wide range of income levels and shopping destination preferences.† (PR Newswire, 2/7/01). Liz Claiborne’s brands include: Claiborne, Curve, Lucky Brand, Monet, and licenses to produce DKNY Jeans and DKNY Active. The company’s success can be attributed to its â€Å"multi-brand, multi-channel strategy† of diversification in the apparel marketplace. (PR Newswire, 2/23/01). The apparel industry is among the most volatile sectors in the market today. Subject to overnight changes in trends and fashion, the industry leaders must be accurate with their predictions and quick to accommodate changes. Because of these fluctuations, it is very hard to assign a competitive advantage to one company over another. While Jones Apparel Group seems to have a comparative advantage in profitability and leverage, Liz Claiborne has been historically more effective at generating revenue from its assets. While Liz is surging to eclipse Jones’ ROE numbers as of late, Jones Apparel Group holds a historical comparative advantage in return on equity and overall financial health. One look at the common-size income statements for these companies can tell a story. While Jones Apparel Group was lagging at year ended 1998, even with a restructuring charge on Liz Claiborne’s income statement, 1999 was a different story. Huge growth at Jones lead to revenues double of that one year ago while Liz, while increasing, was quickly falling behind. The growth for both of these companies continued into the year ended 2000, but Jones Apparel Grou... ...eaders must be accurate with their predictions and quick to accommodate changes. Because of these fluctuations, it is very hard to assign a competitive advantage to one company over another. While Jones Apparel Group seems to have a comparative advantage in profitability and leverage, Liz Claiborne has been historically more effective at generating revenue from its assets. While Liz is surging to eclipse Jones’ ROE numbers as of late, Jones Apparel Group holds a historical comparative advantage in return on equity and overall financial health. One look at the common-size income statements for these companies can tell a story. While Jones Apparel Group was lagging at year ended 1998, even with a restructuring charge on Liz Claiborne’s income statement, 1999 was a different story. Huge growth at Jones lead to revenues double of that one year ago while Liz, while increasing, was quickly falling behind. The growth for both of these companies continued into the year ended 2000, but Jones Apparel Group’s results were brilliant compared to Liz Claiborne’s. One billion dollar growth in revenues as well as higher net income is making Jones Apparel Group the company of the future.

Mono Lake :: Biology Science Papers

Mono Lake 1. Mono Lake Mono Lake is a unique body of water lying in the Eastern Sierra Nevadas. For decades its water sources were tapped by the Los Angeles Department of Water and Power (DWP) to use for farming because the lake's high elevation would allow them to easily transport the water to the city and because the water was so saline, people believed it was worthless. The normal traits by which people judge lakes were lacking in Mono: fish could not survive in the salty water, the water was harsh to swim in because of the chemicals and salinity, the scenery was unlike other lakes because there were no trees. Mono Lake appeared to be an isolated lake in the middle of the desert, which DWP could use as they wished. What they hadn't known at the time was the rich history of the lake and the important place it held in the biological world. The geological history of the Western United States has shaped Mono and given it the properties it has, while those properties have given it a specific role in the migration of birds. Plate Tectonics The geological processes that formed and continue to influence Mono Lake began approximately 215 million years ago when the Farallon sea floor plate began subducting, or pushing, under the North American plate. The North American plate was pushed over the sea floor plate by the force of the African and South American plates rifting apart. The friction from the North American plate rubbing against the Farallon plate melted some of the continental rocks, which then erupted in a long volcano chain, the Sierran Arc, stretching from Alaska to Mexico inland from the coast. Over time, the unerupted magma chambers from the Sierran Arc cooled into the granitic batholith that is the Sierra Nevadas (Tierney, 26-27). 2. Diagram of Subduction Zone About 20 million years ago the last part of the Farallon sea floor plate subducted under the North American plate. This put the North American plate and the Pacific plate into contact, but unlike the Farallon sea floor plate, the Pacific plate sheared against the side of the North American plate. Because there was no plate subducting, the North American plate was in direct contact with the mantle (Tierney, 29). Heat from the mantle made the continental crust more ductile, which allowed the crust to extend and thin.

Canteen hygiene in Eastern Visayas State University Essay

Every school in the country should be strongly committed to support student health and well-being through its curriculum and a range of initiatives that offer opportunities that promote physically fit individuals who love eating healthy food. Schools are encouraged to implement comprehensive health and well-being programs, including food and nutrition education. The establishment and operation of a school canteen is important in developing love and interest in buying nutritious and healthy food among students, faculty and the school personnel, making it possible for them to enjoy nutritious and healthy food at affordable prices during the school day. The canteen should also provide a variety of foods and dishes that enhance the skills and knowledge learnt in the classroom about food and nutrition. Canteen operation can be considered one of the auxiliary services of the school. Food handlers have a prime role to play in food businesses, and that is to guarantee that meals served are h ygienic for consumption. Conscious or inadvertent contamination of such food places consumers at risk of suffering from food- borne illnesses. Food poisoning in school canteens had been an occurrence. For this reason this study will be carried out to assess canteen hygiene of the privately managed canteens in Eastern Visayas State University. Read more:  An Introduction to the Importance of School Canteen Statement of the Problem This study will be conducted to assess hygiene on these privately managed canteens inside the campus of Eastern Visayas State University. Specifically, this study aims to answer the following questions. 1. What is the level of premises cleanliness of the canteens in the following areas? 1.1 Food Preparation Area 1.2 Food Storage Area 1.3 Refreshment Area 1.4 Toilets and Staff Locker Area 1.5 Waste Disposal Area 2. What is the level of personal hygiene of canteen staff (food handlers)? 3. What is the level of hygiene on the following? 3.1 Dry Goods Storage Unit 3.2 Refrigerator/ Chiller/ Freezer 3.3 Cooking Equipment 3.4 Food Preparation and Holding 3.5 Food Handling and Serving Practices Research Hypothesis This study will advance and test the research hypothesis which states the level of premises cleanliness of the canteens, the level of personal hygiene of canteen staff and the level of hygiene of the canteens in Eastern Visayas State University. Conceptual Framework Schools are in a good position to endorse healthy food related behaviors in students and help ensure appropriate food intake. Food items sold in and around the school during school hours/recess play a special role in school life because it provides refreshment and fulfills energy requirements of students. Canteens vary in terms of capacity depending on the number of students who eat from there, type of food offered and the type of activities such as preparation, cooking and storage. The school canteen has an important role in the provision of food to students and the school community as well as being an integral part of the school environment. The school canteen should feflect the education goals of the school and support and complement student learning. When a university canteen is used daily, the food provided through this service may comprise a third of a student’s total daily intake and have a significant influence on their health and nutrition. The correct handling of food and a high level of personal hygiene are keys to food safety. Correct food safety procedures must be understood by everyone who handles food or works in  the canteen, including students. Significance of the Study This study is not only important to those operating canteens, but also to following people who are interested to have knowledge and compliance with the requirements on food safety and hygiene of canteens. To the Administrator. The result of this study will help both the teachers and the students gaining knowledge in maintaining the good hygiene in operating of canteen. To the Teachers. As the result of this study will guide the students on choosing canteens that serving well-prepared meals and has good hygiene habits. To the Canteen Owners. The use of these requirements will help them improve their management of their canteens. To the Students. This study benefits to the student who eat in diferrent canteens, which is help them to find canteens that they know prepareing safe food. Scope and Delimitation The study will determine the canteen hygiene in Eastern Visayas State University. The investigators will focus on canteens hygiene of the canteens in the Eastern Visayas State University. The respondents of this study consisted of the 75 canteen personnel and 50students from different year levels. This study was limited to the assessment of canteens hygiene in term of the level of hygiene in dry goods storage unit, refrigerator/ chiller/ freezer, cooking equipment, food preparation and holding, food handling and serving practices.This study conducted during the school year 2014-2015. Definition of Terms The following terms are having operationally defined for better understanding of the reader. Hygiene. In this study refers to the good healthful conditions of the personnel. Inadvertent. Not resulting from or achieved through deliberate planning. Food- borne illness. is an infection or irritation of the gastrointestinal (GI) tract caused by food or beverages that contain harmful bacteria, parasites, viruses, or chemicals. Chapter II Review of Related Literature and Studies Related Literature It is essential that food is properly handled and prepared to keep it for health. Food should be served in clean dishes. Food can be dangerous if not properly handled, prepared and stored. Schools canteen can play an important role in promoting healthy habits. Health promotion messages can be delivered to students to develop lifelong attitudes and skills. â€Å" Poor oral health can have a detrimental effect on children’s quality of life, their performance at school and their success in later life† , mentioned by Kwan, Petersen, Pine and Borutta (2005). In the local setting, Presidential Decree No. 856 embodies the code in sanitation of the Philippines. Section IX of the code specially pertains to food establishment sanitation. Knowledge and compliance with the requirements of the sanitation code by the foodservice operators will ultimately redound to their own benefit since customers prefer eating in clean and sanitary premises. The maintenance of high standards of san itation in the foodservice operation cannot be compromised by management. Sanitation should be treated as a way of life in foodservice because any laxity in sanitation rules can mean illness for customers, loss of business and financial bankruptcy. Hired people handling food in the canteen should be required to undergo training for food handlers, obtain a certificate of good health from the municipal health department and observe hygiene. Related Studies The aforementioned study was similar to the present study included factors like Sanitation in Physical Facilities. According to Medrana (2004) in her article, school canteens have always canteen or cafeteria is different from a commercial outfit that is also  subjected to government sanitary controls. Whereas commercial canteens and restaurants are established for profit as the main object, a school canteen is set-up mainly to benefit the students while offering them decent yet affordable fare. Recalled by Morphet (1994) the schoolfood service was since then a major division of school operations. It was estimated that the gross expenditures for the school lunch program was approximately one billion pesos during the year 1956-1957. According to Maniquiz (2009) enough knowledge is imperative to canteen managers for their role is to make decisions that will affect the entire canteen organization. Chaper III Methodology In this chapter presents the design or methods and produce with the study will be undertaken and describes the instruments used in gathering the data, the analysis of the data in testing the hypothesis. Research design This study will use a descriptive survey method with questionnaire as the main tool in gathering the data. It is descriptive, as it presents the different practices in canteen hygiene. In other words, this research endeavor will assess the hygiene of all canteens which is concerned the students. Research respondents The data of this study will be gathered from all the canteens in the Eastern Visayas State University. Included in this study will be the canteens who are officially registered in the University.

Book Review on Anna Karenina Essay

Anna Karenina is a novel by the Russian writer Leo Tolstoy, published in serial installments from 1873 to 1877 in the periodical The Russian Messenger. Widely regarded as a pinnacle in realist fiction, Tolstoy considered Anna Karenina his first true novel . The character of Anna was likely inspired, in part, by Maria Hartung , the elder daughter of the Russian poet Alexander Pushkin . Although Russian critics dismissed the novel on its publication as a â€Å"trifling romance of high life†, Fyodor Dostoevsky declared it to be â€Å"flawless as a work of art†. His opinion was shared by Vladimir Nabokov, who especially admired â€Å"the flawless magic of Tolstoy’s style†, and by William Faulkner, who described the novel as â€Å"the best ever written†. The novel is divided into eight parts. Its epigraph is â€Å"Vengeance is mine, I will repay†. Tolstoy’s language has a chafing effect on readers coming to it for the first time; it takes time to synch with his rhythms. The novel begins with one of its most quoted lines: â€Å"Happy families are all alike; every unhappy family is unhappy in its own way. Anna Karenina is the tragedy of married aristocrat and socialite Anna Karenina and her affair with the affluent Count Vronsky. The story starts when she arrives in the midst of a family broken up by her brother’s unbridled womanizing – something that prefigures her own later situation, though with less tolerance for her by others. A bachelor, Vronsky is willing to marry her if she would agree to leave her husband Karenin, a government official, but she is vulnerable to the pressures of Russian social norms, her own insecurities and Karenin’s indecision. Although Vronsky eventually takes Anna to Europe where they can be together, they have trouble in making friends. She is shunned, becoming further isolated and anxious. Despite Vronsky’s reassurances she grows increasingly possessive and paranoid about his imagined infidelity, fears losing control and eventually takes her own life. A parallel story within the novel is of Levin, a country landowner who desires to marry Kitty, sister to Dolly and sister-in-law to Anna’s brother Oblonsky. Levin has to propose twice before Kitty accepts. The novel details Levin’s difficulties managing his estate, his eventual marriage, and personal issues, until the birth of Levin’s first child. Tolstoy’s style in Anna Karenina is considered by many critics to be transitional, forming a bridge between the realist and modernist novel. The novel is narrated from a third-person-omniscient perspective, shifting the narrator’s attention to several major characters, though most frequently focusing on the opposing lifestyles and attitudes of its central protagonists of Anna and Levin. There is an excessive use of stream of consciousness. Tolstoy has used real events in his narrative, to lend greater verisimilitude to the fictional events of his narrative. Characters speak of the significant sociopolitical issues affecting Russia in the latter half of the nineteenth century, like the place and role of the Russian peasant in society, education reform, and women’s rights. Tolstoy communicates his own political beliefs through this novel. He includes in the transcript, his own analysis of the ideologies, behaviors, and ideas running through contemporary Russia through the thoughts of Levin. The broad array of situations and ideas depicted in Anna Karenina allows Tolstoy to present a treatise on his Russian era, and, by virtue of its very breadth and depth, all of human society. This stylistic technique, as well as the novel’s use of perspective, greatly contributes to the thematic structure of Anna Karenina . The novel is basically a taunt on Russian aristocracy although Tolstoy himself was a part of it. It emphasizes on the notions of hypocrisy, jealousy, faith, fidelity, family, marriage, dodge, society, progress, carnal desire and passion, and the agrarian connection to land in contrast to the lifestyles of the city. There is a point raised on the adulterous liaisons and the inferiority complex for speaking french instead of russian language, in the Russian Aristocratic society. Tolstoy allows his themes to emerge naturally from the â€Å"vast panorama of Russian life. The novel sends a message that â€Å"no one can build one’s happiness on another’s pain. † Anna karenina implicitly shows the â€Å"respect† and â€Å"honour† given to women in western society which debates on Human Rights. Western society is not an exception, women mostly considered to be the puppets regardless of the societies. This is why Allama Iqbal talks about the hollowness of the western society. Islam takes a moderated approach for women. There are restrictions but her role is also justified in the society.